Codex:B

Belay
"Belay that "belay that"!"

- Jack Sparrow

To stop what you are doing, commonly given as an order to a ship's crew. Literally means to tie something down or make it fast. 

Before the mast
"Join my crew, and postpone the judgement. One hundred years before the mast. Will ye serve?"

- Davy Jones

Referring to a common sailor, derived from a sailor's position in the forecastle, forward of the foremast; also used to refer to an unlicensed sailor. 

Bilge

 * The rounded portion of a ship's hull, forming a transition between the bottom and the sides;
 * To damage a ship's hull so as to create an entry for seawater.
 * Slang for nonsense or stupid talk.

Bilge rat
A pirate insult, with both words having derogatory connotations (bilge being the lowest portion of a ship's hull). 

Board

 * The side of a ship;
 * One leg, or tack, of the course of a ship beating to windward;
 * The act of "boarding", or entering, a ship ("board"; "on board"; "aboard");
 * For a ship to come up alongside another, commonly to attack;
 * To "go by the board", to go over the ship's side

Bow
The forward end of a vessel; opposite to aft or stern. 

Brig
"Send this pestilent, traitorous, cow hearted, yeasty codpiece to the brig."

- Jack Sparrow on William Turner

A type of two-masted vessel square-rigged on both masts; also used to refer to a place of confinement aboard a ship. Vessels such as the Black Pearl and the Flying Dutchman contained brigs.